The revelation of the frequent occurrence of hazardous chemical accidents: risk management is more important than mount tai

Major accidents involving hazardous chemicals have occurred frequently since 2015.

On April 6, an explosion occurred at the PX petrochemical plant in zhangzhou, fujian province.

On April 21, an explosion occurred at a chemical plant in nanjing, jiangsu province.

On May 25, an explosion occurred at the taipuhua plant in ganzhou, jiangxi province.

July 16, shandong rizhao shida science and technology petrochemical company explosion;

Yesterday (August 12), tianjin tanggu binhai development zone ruihai company dangerous goods warehouse occurred several explosions, causing heavy losses of personnel and property.In this regard, ping an property risk management experts on the risk management of dangerous chemicals made a special introduction.

◆ what are dangerous chemicals?

According to the regulations on the safety management of hazardous chemicals, hazardous chemicals refer to the highly toxic chemicals and other chemicals with toxic, corrosive, explosive, combustion and combustion-supporting properties that are harmful to human body, facilities and the environment.Common hazardous chemicals are classified into eight categories according to their main hazardous characteristics:

Class 1 explosives

Class 2: compressed and liquefied gases

Class 3 flammable liquids

Class 4 flammable solids, flammable articles and flammable articles in wet conditions

Class 5 oxidants and organic peroxides

Class 6 has drugs

Class 7 radioactive articles

Class 8 corrosive

How destructive is the accident of dangerous chemicals?

Dangerous chemical accident, especially explosion accident, the consequence is very serious!In the binhai new area explosion in tianjin, for example, the national earthquake network clearly recorded two explosions in tianjin on the evening of December 12, about 30 seconds apart. The second one was a higher magnitude, equivalent to 21 tons of TNT.Equivalent conversion, tomahawk cruise missile TNT equivalent is about 454 kilograms, that is, the first explosion is equivalent to the energy of 7 tomahawk cruise missiles, and the second explosion energy is close to 46 tomahawk cruise missiles landed and exploded, the power is quite huge!The investigation and handling of the loss caused by the accident is still under way. What is certain is that this will be another major safety accident in China this year.

The tianjin explosion accident, can not help but remind us of shenzhen qingshui river dangerous goods warehouse explosion.On August 5, 1993, a fire broke out in a dangerous goods warehouse adjacent to the qingshui river oil and gas depot, which resulted in a series of explosions. Fortunately, it did not affect the oil and gas depot.The explosion has been recorded in the young history of shenzhen and recorded in the warning of China's major accidents: 15 people died, more than 100 people were seriously injured, 39,000 square meters of buildings were damaged, and direct economic losses reached 250 million yuan.

In September 2001, in Toulouse, France AZF chemical plant explosion accident caused 31 people were killed and 2500 injured, and caused explosion seismic wave is equivalent to a 3.4 magnitude earthquake, explosion blast blew up around 6 km radius nearly 30000 homes and hundreds of enterprises, and accident insurance compensation to a record 2 billion euros!

In the history of human civilization, similar safety accidents of hazardous chemicals have repeatedly caused devastating "industrial disasters".At the same time, the accident will also cause serious environmental pollution, bringing indelible scars to the accident city.

◆ prevention of accidents involving hazardous chemicals

The storage and transportation of hazardous chemicals has always been an important and prominent area of security risks.Especially in extreme weather such as high temperature, high humidity and heavy rain, dangerous chemicals with different chemical properties are easy to fire and cause explosion when they meet water or tide.The explosion occurred in tianjin binhai new area, China's largest integrated refining and chemical base and the most important chemical storage base in the north. The explosion will once again raise questions about the safety management of the hazardous chemical industry and concerns about the toxic gas generated after the explosion.

The bloody accident once again reminds people that the safety management of the dangerous chemical storage area should not be ignored:

Safe operation of dangerous chemicals

(1) prevent the formation of combustible explosive mixture: monitor and prevent the overflow and leakage of combustible substances;Adopt inert gas protection;Strengthen ventilation displacement.

(2) control process parameters: temperature, pressure, flow, material ratio and other process parameters are strictly controlled within the safety limits, to prevent overpressure, overtemperature, material leakage.

Eliminate ignition source: stay away from open flame, high temperature surface, chemical reaction heat, electrical equipment, avoid impact friction, electrostatic spark, lightning, light irradiation, prevent spontaneous combustion heat.

(4) to limit the spread and spread of fire explosion: the use of fire devices, facilities, explosion relief devices and isolation measures.

(5) reduce night operations to avoid outdoor operations in bad weather.

● safe storage of dangerous chemicals

Dangerous chemicals should be stored in special places, not mixed with other materials.

(2) hazardous chemicals should be classified and stored in piles, which should not be too high or too close to each other.

(3) articles that come into contact with each other and easily cause combustion and explosion and articles with different methods of extinguishing fire should be stored in isolation.

(4) dangerous chemicals that are liable to burn or explode in the presence of water shall not be stored in damp or water-prone places.Dangerous chemicals that are liable to burn or explode when exposed to sunlight may not be stored in the open air or in places with high temperatures.

(5) containers and packages should be intact. If any damage or leakage is found, it must be handled immediately and safely.

Dangerous chemicals which are unstable in nature and are prone to decomposition and metamorphism, or which are mixed with impurities and easily lead to the danger of combustion or explosion, should be inspected, tested, and tested to prevent spontaneous combustion or explosion.

No experiments, repacking, packing, welding or other operations that may cause fire shall be carried out in warehouses where dangerous chemicals are stored or near open stacks.

We must not live in the storeroom, when the work is over, should be fire inspection, cut off the power supply.

Transportation safety of dangerous chemicals

Transportation of dangerous goods must show the relevant certificate, to the designated railway, transportation, shipping and other departments to deal with the procedures.The consignment items must match the items listed on the consignment note.

The loading and unloading of dangerous goods and transportation personnel, according to the nature of loading and unloading dangerous goods, wearing the corresponding protective equipment, loading and unloading must be light, light, no falling and dragging, pressure and friction, must not damage the packaging container, and pay attention to labeling, piling safely.

(3) before loading and unloading dangerous goods, the vehicle (ship) handling tools should be necessary ventilation and cleaning, do not leave residue, the vehicle (ship) loaded with highly toxic substances must be cleaned after unloading.

(4) for the shipment of explosive, highly toxic, radioactive, flammable liquid, flammable gas and other articles, a means of transport conforming to the safety requirements must be used.It is prohibited to transport explosive articles by electric vehicles, dump trucks, forklifts or bicycles.When transporting strong oxidants and explosives, it is inappropriate to use vehicles with iron floor and vehicle trailers;It is prohibited to use forklifts, forklifts and dump trucks to carry inflammable, explosive, liquefied gases and other dangerous goods.When transporting dangerous goods such as liquefied gases and flammable liquids in areas with high temperatures, it is necessary to have sunscreen facilities.Articles burning in water and toxic substances shall not be transported by small motorized sailing boats, small wooden boats or cement boats.

(5) the transportation of explosive, highly toxic and radioactive articles shall be under escort, with no less than two escorts.

Vehicles carrying dangerous goods must maintain a safe speed and distance, and it is strictly prohibited to overtake, exceed the speed limit or meet the vehicle by force.According to the public security traffic management department designated routes and time of transportation, not in the busy streets to exercise and stay.

Motor vehicles that transport inflammable and explosive articles shall be equipped with flame arrester on their exhaust pipes and be marked with "dangerous goods".

The steam engine in the shunting operation, to load inflammable, explosive goods of the vehicle, must hang not less than 2 sections of the isolation car, and strictly prohibited to slip away.

9. For the transportation of solid dangerous goods in bulk, measures such as fire prevention, explosion protection, waterproofing, dust control and shading should be taken according to the nature.

Safety management, a long way to go!

Pray for tianjin, pray for China!